Egon Schiele - 1268 Words

The result is illustrated in Seated Female Nude with Raised Right Arm (1910, 45x32cm), a carefully finished piece submitted to Josef Hoffmann at the Wiener Werkstà ¤tte. Carefully outlined in black crayon on tinted paper, watercolor has been used to decorate the figure in a muted warm palette of orange, yellow green and ochre; the tiny wedge of cerulean blue above the head adds a complementary color accent. The line shows a tendency to peak at points of tension (the outline of the hip, the top edge of the left shoulder and forearm), a trick that makes the contour static but not heavy. The effect is decorative, to suit the postcards and knicknacks turned out by the workshop, but the figure also seems tense or vigilant, as if waiting for†¦show more content†¦These drawings increasingly minimize stylization and caricature, and go beyond mere sexual confrontation; the figures become more substantial and sculptural; the line achieves a new strength and complexity, and color is u sed to signal surface texture and contour. Schieles increasing success brought him a larger range of adult models and portrait commissions, and in 1915 he married, influences that stimulated a new sensitivity to the individuality of his subjects. Crouching Male Nude (Self-Portrait) (1917, 46x29cm), drawn just a year before Schieles death, reveals many of these developments. The sense that Schiele is playing a narcissistic fantasy character is gone; his life as an individual matters more. As in nearly all his drawings, the figure is isolated against the bare page, stripped of context or props. The left arm seems to put a hammerlock on the negative space, some invisible adversary that has chewed off both hands. (Oddly, Schiele seems to have greatly disliked showing hands and feet: they are usually hidden or omitted, and when they appear are harshly drawn.) A coil of gray extrudes from under the grotesquely dislocated hips, drawn as if a rumpled sheet, but alluding to excrement or evis ceration. Yet these bizarre aspects of the drawing lend the figure a taut energy, alertness and resilience. The pose, and the treatment of line, texture and color, closely resembleShow MoreRelatedThe Work Of Egon Schiele1448 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The work of Egon Schiele is very important to me personally. In this Extended Essay I focus on Egon Schiele because his artworks influence me. He likes to show his hands in his painting and photos. In his self-painting, I can always find out that the hands always attract my eyes. His hands really impress me and I really like his hands. This gives me an idea that to put my own hands on the social software and see that will people love my hands in this era. Now, I think the answer isRead MoreEssay about Egon Schieles Self-Portrait905 Words   |  4 PagesEgon Schieles Self-Portrait When I look at this portrait, the first thing that hits me is the way the artist, Egon Schiele, appears to have made himself look animated, like a cartoon. The way in which his right eye is rounded like a cartoon character and his left eye is squinting and almost shut, adds to the idea of a the portrait being a cartoon. The squinted left eye is as if he is sneaking around and evaluating his surroundings. If you cover the right side of the face (with the widely openedRead MoreThe Capital Of A Great European Empire1876 Words   |  8 Pagesthe works of Oskar Kokoschka and Egon Schiele, a profound withdrawal from artistic traditions in its exploration of evocative themes. In the realm of creative literature, turn-of-the-century Vienna also generated bodies of text by Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Edward Mà ¶rike, who helped define advanced, modern literature style of German-speaking Europe and reflect on the characteristics of life in Vienna during the Habsburg Empire. An Austrian painter named Egon Schiele redefines beauty during the expressionismRead More Art versus Pornography Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagesobvious than others, but that is the boundary line.   The work described in the beginning is watercolor painting by a Viennese artist named Egon Schiele.   Schieles works in his own time and even to this day have been the conflict of many debates of art and pornography.   The work described is entitled Seated Woman with Bent Knee.   The woman was a prostitute who Schiele hired to pose for him.   This piece is quite tame compared his more explicit works.   However, it is not pornography, because his works areRead MoreRealism : Romanticism And Modernism974 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarly, the cutting open of the human body is not merely a depiction of an autopsy. Rather, it is a metaphorical opening and accessing of the unconscious forces that drive man and his actions, reminiscent of his contemporaries’ work, such as Egon Sc hiele, Georg Trakl, and Gustav Mahler, who also aimed to do the same with their respective artwork. In this sense, the poem presents readers with new perspectives on Nature and the human body. As mentioned previously, the Romantics believed that NatureRead MoreEssay on Graphic Novels and Comic Books: Kent Williams1386 Words   |  6 Pagesto favour as a whole works created from say late 1800s up to early Modern; Manet, Gauguin, Schiele (of course), Klimt, and an unrelenting passion for Rodin, Balthus, Bacon and De Kooning. That is the short list. (Williams, 2012) Looking at this period in art, we see the rise of impressionist and the postimpressionists, and the onset of expressionism. Similarities between Gustav Klimt and especially Egon Scheile sit closely to aspects employed by Williams in several aspects, primarily in the exaggerationsRead MoreSummary : Performance The Body 1550 Words   |  7 Pagesissues, such as Austrian postwar political developments within his country. It’s important to point out Nitsch was doing this in part pointing to his his city s deep psychoanalytic and artistic avant-garde roots from the likes of Sigmund Freud, Egon Schiele and the Vienna Secession artists. Lady Gaga was born in 1986 in Manhattan to a Catholic Family. She is a singer and performer who has been noted for self-empowering messages in her songs and live performances, as well as extravagant shows. SheRead MoreBruno Bettelheim s `` Punishment Versus Discipline ``1910 Words   |  8 Pagesanother reason in stating Vienna as the origin of psychoanalysis. Bettelheim informs the audience that Vienna is the home to many paintings, novels, and plays that deal with love and death. He cites the works of writer Arthur Schnitzler and painter Egon Schiele as examples. The author also claims that Vienna is also the home of other â€Å"methods† that are used to treat mental disorders (68). The other methods that he mentions include the insulin shock and â€Å"chemical treatment† (69). Bettelheim proves hisRead MoreVan Gogh s Life And Effect Today1819 Words   |  8 Pagesthe time of world war two, dozens of famous artist were influenced by his use of intense colour contra sts, emphatic lines and brushstrokes, and his reaction to nature, just to name a few. Popular artist specifically who took after Van Gogh was Egon Schiele and Gustav Klimt. 2. Even to artist in the modern day era like Jackson Pollock, it is clearly seen that he used techniques from Van Gogh in his splatter paintings. In the article â€Å"Computer Analysis Reveals Similarities between the Artistic Styles

Health Benefits And Side Effects On The Consumption Of Coffee

Introduction The consumption of coffee is an essential staple to start an early morning in the United States and worldwide (Freedman et al. 2012). Like coffee, caffeine is a component that also can be present in energy drinks, tea, and pre-workout supplements. But to be specific, coffee, according to statistics has over 150 million people who drink an average of 3.2 cups of coffee daily, which means that about 400 million cups of coffee every day is consumed. (Patil et al. 2011) For some people they cannot go on with their day without starting with a cup of coffee or tea which has the active ingredient which is caffeine. Caffeine is also known as a psychoactive drug which means that by consuming this drug it can affect a person’s brain†¦show more content†¦Active Ingredient in Coffee Coffee contains many different molecules that are usually formed during the roasting process, also known as the brewing process. The essential component in coffee is caffeine. Caffeine is a major component of coffee that provides the majority of it in a US diet (Einà ¶ther Giesbrecht, 2012). An average 8 oz. of coffee would contain between 100-180 mg of caffeine depending on the coffee bean and type of roast used. In comparison to decaffeinated drinks, an 8 ounce cup contains significantly lower milligrams of caffeine which is about 5 to 15 mg. (Patil, Lavie, O’Keefe, 2011). In addition to caffeine, coffee also contains â€Å"chlorogenic† acid that can help reduce blood sugars of those people with Type II Diabetes. (Van Dam Feskens, 2002) Therefore since the active ingredients in coffee are caffeine and chlorogenic acid, then one can now analyze next the health benefits of the consumption of coffee. Health Benefits/Methods Coffee is a psychoactive drug that affects the body biologically and cognitively (Smith, 2008). A study done by Patil, Lavie, O’Keefe (2011), show that there are common health benefits with the consumption of coffee which would include prevention of diabetes type 2, depression, improved cognitive health, and even Alzheimer’s disease. Coffee is also known for helping with weight loss and reduction of inflammation because of the presence of certain antioxidants within the cup

POL 201 Week 5 Final Paper Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus,...

POL 201 Week 5 Final Paper Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror http://homeworkmonster.com/downloads/pol-201-week-5-final-paper-civil-liberties-habeas-corpus-war-terror/ POL 201 Week 5 Final Paper Civil Liberties, Habeas Corpus, and the War on Terror The final assignment for this course is a Final Paper. The purpose of the Final Paper is to give you an opportunity to apply much of what you have learned about American national government to an examination of civil liberties in the context of the war on terror. The Final Paper represents 20% of the overall course grade. Soon after the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan in 2001, the Bush administration developed a plan for holding and interrogating captured prisoners. They were†¦show more content†¦Bush as well as the views of the four dissenting justices). 6. Your evaluation of various perspectives on this topic expressed by justices of the Supreme Court, leaders in other branches of government, and commentators in both the academic and popular media. Your assessment should consider several perspectives on this topic, including : a. The role of the President as commander-in-chief. b. The role of Congress in determining when habeas corpus can be â€Å"suspended.† c. The role of the Supreme Court in protecting civil liberties, including the judicial philosophy which should guide the Court in this role, and d. Your personal philosophy, values or ideology about the balance between civil liberties and national security in the context of an unending war on terror. Follow these requirements when writing the Final Paper: 1. The body of the paper (excluding the title page and reference page) must be at least 1,500 words long. 2. The paper must start with a short introductory paragraph which includes a clear thesis statement. The thesis statement must tell readers what the essay will demonstrate. 3. The paper must end with a short paragraph that states a conclusion. The conclusion and thesis must be consistent. 4. The paper must logically develop the thesis in a way that leads to the conclusion, and that development must be supported by facts, fullyShow MoreRelatedPol 201 American National Government2975 Words   |  12 PagesPOL 201 American National Government Follow Link Below To Get Tutorial https://homeworklance.com/downloads/pol-201-american-national-government/ Description: ( POL 201 Complete Course quizzes Included ) POL 201 Week 1 DQ 1 Separation of Powers Checks and Balances Separation of Powers/Checks and Balances. For much of 2011 and 2012, public dissatisfaction with Congress rose to all time highs, with 70-80% expressing disapproval with how Congress does its job. Many commentators note

Power and Influence at Workplace free essay sample

1. What is power? Power is the ability to get someone else to do something you want done or the ability to make thing happen or get things done in the way that you want (Wood et al. 2006, p. 345). Power is a capacity that you have to influence the behavior of other so that other acts in accordance with your wishes (Robbins 2003). 2. What are the sources/bases/types of power? Power can be classified into two classes- position personal. They are: Position/Formal Power: Coercive Power: A power, based on fear. It often works through fear and it forces people to do something that ordinarily they would not choose to do. The most extreme example of coercion is government dictators who threaten physical harm for noncompliance. Reward Power: Reward powerreward powerThe ability to grant a reward, such as an increase in pay, a perk, or an attractive job assignment. is the ability to grant a reward, such as an increase in pay, a perk, or an attractive job assignment. Reward power tends to accompany legitimate power and is highest when the reward is scarce. When Steve Jobs ran Apple, he had reward power in the form of raises and promotions. Legitimate Power: Legitimate powerlegitimate powerPower that comes from one’s organizational role or position. s power that comes from one’s organizational role or position. For example, a boss can assign projects, a policeman can arrest a citizen, and a teacher assigns grades. Information Power: Power that comes from access to control over information. Itinformation powerPower that comes from access to specific information. is similar to expert power but differs in its source. Experts tend to have a vast amount of knowledge or skill, whereas information power is distinguished by access to specific information. For example, knowing price information gives a person information power during negot iations. Personal Power: Expert Power: Influence based on special skills or knowledge. Expert powerexpert powerPower that comes from knowledge and skill. comes from knowledge and skill. Steve Jobs has expert power from his ability to know what customers want—even before they can articulate it. Referent Power: Influence based on possession by an individual of desirable resources or personal traits. Referent powerreferent powerPower that stems from the personal characteristics of the person such as the degree to which we like, respect, and want to be like them. tems from the personal characteristics of the person such as the degree to which we like, respect, and want to be like them. Referent power is often called charismatic power. charismaThe ability to attract others, win their admiration, and hold them spellbound. 3. What creates dependency? Dependency is the reliance on someone or something else for aid, support, etc. DependencydependencyDirectly related to power. The more that a pe rson or unit is dependent on you, the more power you have. is directly related to power. The more that a person or unit is dependent on you, the more power you have. The strategic contingencies model provides a good description of how dependency works. The following three conditions are the sole factors of dependency: Scarcity: In the context of dependency, scarcityscarcityIn the context of dependency, refers to the uniqueness of a resource. refers to the uniqueness of a resource. The more difficult something is to obtain, the more valuable it tends to be. Effective persuaders exploit this reality by making an opportunity or offer seem more attractive because it is limited or exclusive. They might convince you to take on a project. Importance: ImportanceimportanceThe value of the resource. efers to the value of the resource. The key question here is â€Å"How important is this? † If the resources or skills you control are vital to the organization, you will gain some power. The more vital the resources that you control are, the more power you will have. Non-substitutability: Finally, substitutabilitysubstitutabilityOne’s ability to find another option that works as well as the one offered. refers to one’s ability to find another option that works as well as the one offered. The question around whether something is substitutable is â€Å"How difficult would it be for me to find another way to this? The harder it is to find a substitute, the more dependent the person becomes and the more power someone else has over them. 4. What are the contingencies of power? Sources of power can generate power in only four conditions. These are: 1. Substitutability: A contingency of power pertaining to the availability of alternatives. 2. Centrality: A contingency of power pertaining to the degree nature of interdependence between the power holder others. 3. Discretion: The freedom to exercise judgement to make decision without referring to a specific rule or receiving permission from someone else. 4. Visibility: Those who control valued resources or knowledge will yield power only when others are aware of those sources of power-in other words when it is visible. 5. Power enhancement. As I mentioned earlier that power can be divided into two groups. Sufficient power of the right types will be available when the manager has the following potentials: Enhancing position power: Increase centrality critical role in the organization: One can enhance position power by acquiring more central role in the work flow, having most updated information, performing unique job responsibilities, expanding network of communication etc. Increase the personal prudence flexibility of job: By removing routine activities, expanding task variety novelty, initiating new ideas, getting involved in new projects, one ordinary manager can become most reliable personnel of any organization. Build tasks into that are difficult to evaluate: By obtaining advanced training, developing a unique language, becoming more involved in professional associations exercising own judgement; one might reach in a top position of an organization’s hierarchy. Increase the visibility of job performance: As power holder of any organization, you may enhance your power by expanding the number of contacts with senior people of your organization, making oral presentation of written work, participating problem solving task forces. Increase the relevance of tasks to the organization: You may enhance your power by becoming an internal coordinator or external representative or mentor for new members, monitoring evaluating activities of your own unit. Enhancing Personal Power: Knowledge information: Managers can enhance their personal power through the expertise gained by possessing special knowledge by education, training information through special access to data people. Personal attractiveness: Manager’s reference power will be increased by characteristics that enhance their likeability create agreeable behavior patterns attractive personal appearance. Effort: The demonstration of sincere hard work in task performance can also increase personal power by enhancing both expertise reference. Managers who try hard are also likely to be respected for the attempt other may even come to depend on them to maintain that effort. 6. What are the consequences of power? The consequences of can be classified into two classes i. e. positive negative. These consequences are as follows: Positive consequences: Organizational alignment: Organizational alignment is the practice of aligning an organization’s strategy and culture. And, under the right condition right power holder can align an entire organization to move together to achieve goals. Higher the organizational commitment: Any sort of power higher the individual’s commitment level to prove or show that, s/he was the right choice for that task. Increase job satisfaction: When a person holds power, they feel pleased with his or her job. Because, that power might help that person to do his/her job in his/her own ways or take his/her own decisions. Negative consequences: Destroy organization: English historian John Emerich said the phrase, â€Å"Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely† also warned that power is inherently evil and its holders are not to be trusted. And, history shows that power can be intoxicating and can be devastating when abused. Less empathy: It is natural that, when people become more powerful, they are more goals directed. And, when they become more goal directed, they show less empathy. 7. Which bases of power are most effective? Of the three bases of formal power (coercive, reward, legitimate), and two bases of personal power (referent, expert), which is most important to have? Interestingly, research suggests pretty clearly that personal sources of power are most effective. Both expert and referent power are positively related to employees satisfaction with supervision, their organizational commitment, and their performance, whereas reward and legitimate power seen to be unrelated to those outcomes. Moreover, one source of formal power-coercive power-actually can backfire in that it is negatively related to employee satisfaction and commitment. 8. What is Influence? The action or process of producing effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc. , of another or others (Dictionary. com 2011, p. ‘n. d. ’). Influence is any behavior that attempts to alter another person’s attitudes and behavior (McShane et al 2010). 9. Types of influencing others. The type of influence tactic used tends to vary based on the target. These are: Upward influence [(Top management (subordinate)]: Upward influenceupward influenceThe ability to influence your boss and others in positions higher than yours. , as its name implies, is the ability to influence your boss and others in positions higher than yours. Upward influence may include appealing to a higher authority or citing the firm’s goals as an overarching reason for others to follow your cause. Peer/Cross influence- [Co-workers (co-workers)]: Peer influence occurs all the time. But, to be effective within organizations, peers need to be willing to influence each other without being destructively competitive. There are times to support each other and times to challenge—the end goal is to create better decisions and results for the organization and to hold each other accountable. Downward influence- [Subordinates (Top management)]: Downward influencedownward influenceThe ability to influence those in positions lower than yours. s the ability to influence employees lower than you. This is best achieved through an inspiring vision. By articulating a clear vision, you help people see the end goal and move toward it. It is found that, the better the quality of the relationship between the subordinate and their supervisor, the more positively resistance to influence attempts are seen. 10. Tactics/Strategies of influencing others. When managers, employers or teams face a sit uation in which they want to influence the behavior of others, they must choose a strategy. There has no definitive influence tactics to influence others. But, there have some common identified tactics to influence others. These are as follows: |Tactics |Description |Feature | |Silent authority |Seek to establish legitimacy of request by claiming authority or by verifying | | |/ Legitimacy |consistency with claiming practices or traditions. | | | | | | | |HARD | |Assertiveness/ Pressuring |Using demands, threats or persistent reminders. | | |Information control |Explicitly manipulating someone else access to information for the purpose of | | | |changing their attitudes and/or behavior. | |Coalition formation |Forming a group that attempts to influence others by pooling the resources and | | | |power of its members. | | |Upward appeal |Gaining support of higher authorities or expertise. | | |Rational persuasion |Use logical arguments, factual evidence to convince people. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |SOFT | |Integration/ impression management |Attempt to crea te a favourable mood before making request. | | |Exchange |Offer an exchange of favours, share of benefits or promise to reciprocate at | | | |later time. | | |Inspiration |Appeal to values, ideas or aspirations to arouse enthusiasm. | | |Collaboration |Somehow making it easier for a target person to agree to a request. | | 1. Consequences of influencing others. People can influence others in different ways. On the one hand, they can restrict the others’ freedom (hard influence tactics) and ignore their interests (restrictive control). On the other hand, they can promote the others’ freedom (soft influence tactics) and take their interests into account (promotive control). Each influence effort you make have benefits challenges assosiated with it. Effects of Soft influence tactics: Build commitment: When a manager influence others by providing sufficient reasons, desirable resources or personal traits, then s/he gets employees’ voluntary endorsement support to carry out the tasks as well as to achieve organizational goals. Increase motivation: Positive or soft influence helps the organization to improve peoples performance and affect their perceptions of expectancy to achieve organizational goals. Effects of Hard influence tactics: Resistance: When a manager takes something away or punishes someone for noncompliance put employees often works through fear and it forces them to do something that ordinarily they would not choose to do, employees express their resistance to that manager. Compliance: Managers gain compliance of employees when they assign tasks provide orders from their organizational position in returns distribute rewards that others view as valuable. Undermine trust: Hard tactics of influencing others rely on position of power which tend to undermine trust which can hurt future relationships. But, trust among the members of any organization is one of the most valuable factors to bring the organization in the meridian of success. So, it is seen that, soft tactics of influence brings better outcomes for organization that helps the organization to reach its destination. 2. What is organizational politics? Organizational politics is the behaviors or tactics for personal gain at the expenses of other people possibly the organization (McShane et al 2010). Political action is a part of organizational life. It is as prevalent today as it ever was. Organizational politics occurs in different ways across different levels in organization i. e. ? Managerial level ? Sub-unit level ? Chief executive level 3. Factors contributing to support organizational politics. Individual Factors |Organizational Factors | |High self monitors | Reallocation of resources | |Internal locus of control |Promotion opportunities | |High match personality |Low trust | |Organizational investment |Role a mbiguity | |Perceived job alternatives |Unclear performance evaluation system | |Expectations of success |Zero sum reward practices | | |Democratic decision making | | |High performance pressure | | |Self serving senior managers | Table 2: Factors influencing political behavior (Robbins 2003, OB: 10 ed, pp. 377-380) 4. What are the consequences of organizational politics? Positive |Negative | |Enhance organizational competencies |Divert from organizational goals | |Helps in career advancement |Lose power, position credibility | |Helps to overcome personal inadequacies | | |Helps to cope with change | | |Substitute for formal authority | | 5. Ways to minimize organizational politics. ? By providing clear rules and regulations ? Establishing a free flow of information. ? Using education and involvement ? Supporting team norms ? Having leaders to become role models ? Giving employees more control over their work and keeping them informed. 6. Social Network: Key elements of Powe r, Influence Politics. Social network is the cultivation of social relationships with others who trust each other to accomplish specific goals through sharing caring of each other (McShane et al 2010). 7. What are the dimensions which make a network effective? There are 2 types of dimensions which make a social network effective. These are: Philosophical dimensions: Self similarity: When first starting to build networks, people tend to follow the self-similarity principle which helps to establish relationship among members easily. Proximity: We have greater trust in those who are similar to each other willing to cooperate with them to whom we see most frequently. It helps to develops strong ties with other. Sharing: When we build relationship with like minded others or those we frequently interacts with, then we restrict the flow of information or benefits within the circle. Operational dimensions: Breadth – refer to the number of people in the network, and the kinds of relationships shared by those people. It increases visibility. The benefits of breadth are that each member adds value to the network and helps members connect with a greater range of people. Depth – refer how often people meet in the network, how strongly are they attached and whether people serve more than one function (e. g. a friend who is also a colleague). While core network leads to strong ties to greater trust while extended network defined by weak ties which provides access to different groups of people. Centrality – refers to person’s importance to a particular network. They place themselves to strategic locations in the network, thereby gaining centrality. (e. g. an individual might be regarded as the main person who distribute information in the network or who keeps the network connected through informal gatherings. So, it is said that, when a social network holds the philosophical operational dimensions jointly, then it becomes effective in its own existence. 8. Ethics of Power, Influence Politics. Utilitarian outcomes: It produces the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Individual rights: It respects the basic human rights to free consent, free speech, and freedom of consistence, privacy due process. Distributive justice: It treats people equitably fairly as opposed to arbitrarily. After satisfying these criteria, organization should examine them by asking the following 3 questions. When they get the 3 YES out of 3 questions, then it could be said that they are ethical in their actions. Otherwise, they have to take corrective actions to be ethical. [pic] So, when an organization performs their activities on the basis of ethical standard, today or tomorrow they will be able to bring their organization on the meridian of success.

Multi-Modal Essay free essay sample

An expert professor David Crystal has supported the idea of web-based messages and disagrees with the view that slang and contractions leads to a lower English standard of language. Although this is a benefit to most people, it has been abused by some people by overusing it and different ‘language’ while typing, which cause differentiation in the way we speak and the way we write. The current views are pointing at the fact that this is causing a pejoration in this generation’s language which could badly affect their and our future; destroying the conventions of Standard English. This essay will evaluate the similarities and differences between spoken language and web-based messaging such Facebook and many more. In my research, the fifth data set is a conversation between two teenage girls. Data two is the seventh online messaging and is a conversation between two grown up men. There is vast difference both the conversation due to their age and Socialect. For instance, in the fifth data, the conversation is between the two teenage girls begin with the use of logograms; â€Å"r u okay? † and also uses an emoticon to end her message;†XO†. This shows that the teenagers are influenced by their colleagues at school or could be the way in which people speak in their demographic that would affect how they talk to people. By using emoticons, it shows how the teenagers can be creative by making up symbols to use such as 🙂 for a smile. The message is then carried on by the next participant replying as â€Å"not really†¦x†. There is a use of an ellipsis, and it could be used to signify the meaning that the message is continuous even though there is nothing written after it. The same participant also states â€Å"dunno tbh but somethings up with my stomach/ribs :/ idk I didnt know ya liked her. †. She uses initialism to shorten the time to type this message. She also uses contractions as well to shorten the time taken to type this message. Emoticons are used at the end of the message. They are a good use as they can express what you are feeling through symbols. 1 1 The conversation in data two is between two grown up men. It begins with â€Å"Using iPad now as Samsung S3 on charge been thrashing it today†. There is no type of contractions or initialism used in this message. This is because the men are grown up and live in a demographic that doesn’t use any colloquialism† is the Samsung worth getting? † â€Å"I think so†. The analysis of the message shows that there are no contractions used to shorten the message and everything is used as Standard English as how somebody would speak which is an example of Received Pronunciation. Many people use a wide range of expressions or tailor diction in a subjective manner in order to demonstrate their feeling ‘related’ to spoken language. For instance, the use of logograms in a sign to represent what they are saying and thus sentences create meaning. In spoken language, one would express one’s emotions; however in the written form one uses logograms to communicate what one is saying in a succinct way. The similarities between speech and writing are that they are both spontaneous although speech is usually more spontaneous because written discourse is usually more direct. Usually we make mistakes while speaking and some people use colloquialism while speaking just like they do when they write. Spoken and written language both use reiteration as well as fillers of hesitation like ‘umm’ or ‘err’. Some of the differences between spoken and written forms are that, written language uses many merges (two words combined that does not exist); some people may make up words in spontaneous speech by being a neologist; this is creative and shows that the youngsters are creating their own dynamic culture. Written language today uses more acronyms like ‘ttyl’ and ‘lol’ which would not make sense if you are speaking those words out loud. On the other hand, contractions like that would never come up in a spoken conversation. Written language uses a plethora of emoticons; ‘emotion’ ‘icons’ are a range of smileys with different expressions and feeling to show how one is feeling. However, this new mode of communication has destroyed the established norms of grammar. This is so because many individuals clip words into graphemes by creating their own reality. Moreover, due to a deviation to sentence structure, syntax and the use of punctuation, languages are losing their linguistic identities. Most unimpressively, nowadays, many people are even unable to spell words correctly due to the powerful influence of Skype, twitter and Facebook, with in turn provides a platform for people to unleash their own linguistic creativity. As a result of this, each individual chosen to communicate in a specific manner. 2 2 In conclusion, I think that the communications through internet is related to speech whether it makes sense or not. Unplanned speech is very much connected to the communications through internet, texting and messaging because when we speak, we don’t use the spelling technique. The main difference is that most written language is intended to be read by someone who is separated from the writer in space and time. Therefore to communicate successfully, it has to be a lot clearer than spoken language used in a face to face conversation, because the reader cannot ask the writer for clarification. Although some written genres such as texts and e-mails are very similar to spoken language, in general, written language is more dense (more content words in a smaller space) uses more subordinate clauses and has less redundancy (words like sort of, like, you know, yeah? ).